Study | Year of publication |
Type of patients/sites |
Detection method |
Number of patients |
Number of implants/sites |
Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ata-Ali et al. [91] | 2011 | Peri-implant mucositis vs. healthy implants | Hybridization with specific P32 arrays directed against the sRNA ribosomal subunit | 34 patients | 90 patients | Significantly greater P. gingivalis, A.a., T. forsythia and T. denticola in mucositis. |
Ata-Ali et al. [92] | 2015 | Peri-implantitis vs. healthy implants | Hybridization with specific P32 arrays directed against the sRNA ribosomal subunit | 35 patients (22 healthy; 13 with peri-implantitis) |
78 implants (54 healthy; 24 with peri-implantitis) |
Significantly greater periodontal pathogens in peri-implantitis. |
Ata-Ali et al. [93] | 2013 | Peri-implant mucositis vs. healthy implants | Hybridization with specific P32 arrays directed against the sRNA ribosomal subunit | 34 patients (22 healthy; 12 with peri-implant mucositis) |
77 implants (54 healthy; 23 with peri-implant mucositis) |
No differences in T. forsythia, P. gingivalis, and T. denticola. |
Albertini et al. [94] | 2015 | Peri-implantitis vs. periodontitis | PCR and Culture | 33 patients | 48 implants + 48 teeth | No significant differences of P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, P. intermedia, or T. denticola. S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans present in 15% of the patients. |
Charalampakis et al. [95] | 2012 | Peri-implantitis | Culture | NS | 139 implants |
P. intermedia/P. nigrescens: the most representative in magnitude; S. epidermidis more prevalent than S. aureus. A.a.: not identified in 10 of 161 cases. Fungi and enterococci: seldom found. |
Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization | NS | 120 implants | T. forsythia: the most prevalent followed by T. denticola. P. gingivalis: less prevalent than P. intermedia, P. nigrescens and P. endodontalis. S. noxia and A.a.: the least representative. |
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Both | NS | 22 implants | Culture was unable to detect any of the targeted species in 18.6% of the cases, whereas checkerboard only in 0.7%. | |||
Charalampakis et al. [96] | 2011 | Peri-implantitis | Culture | 274 patients pre-treatment | NS | Detection frequencies: P. intermedia/P. nigrescens (27.3%), AGNB (18.6%), A.a. (6%) |
Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization | Detection frequencies: T. forsythia (37.3%), T. denticola (31%), P. nigrescens (28.9%), P. endodontalis (28.6%), P. intermedia (25.4%), A.a. (4.2%) | |||||
Culture | 27 patients post-treatment | NS | Detection frequencies: AGNB (25.9%), P. gingivalis (25.9%), P. intermedia/P. nigrescens (22.2%), Enterococci (7.4%), A.a. (4%), S. aureus (0%), S. epidermidis (0%), Fungi (0%) | |||
Van Assche et al. [97] | 2011 | Peri-implant vs. periodontal health | Culture, qPCR and checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization analysis of 40 species | 18 patients | 66 implants (34 rough surface; 32 machined surface) |
No statistically significant differences between the two implant designs or level of bone loss. Similar subgingival composition around implants and teeth. |
NS = not specified. |