Study Year of publication Study design Patients/
implants
Mean Age/Sex
(years [M/F])
Implant failures
(events/implants; events/patients)
Peri-implantitis
(events/implants; events/patients)
Smokers Smokers/Non-smokers Diagnosis of peri-implantitis Diagnosis of
periodontal disease
Confounders
Karoussis et al. [31] 2003 Prospective cohort H: 45/91
CP: 8/21
NR H: 3/91; NR/45
CP: 2/21; NR/8
H: 5/91; NR/45
CP: 8/21; NR/8
28/84 PD ≥ 5 mm + BOP + radiographic signs of BL NR Declared:
smoking, different prosthetic rehabilitations.
Discussed:
smoking.
Gatti et al. [32] 2008 Prospective cohort H: 29/72
MP: 7/26
SP: 26/129
H: 40 (9/20)
MP: 56 (4/3)
SP: 56 (10/16)
H: 0/72; 0/29
MP: 0/26; 0/7
SP: 2/129; 1/26
H: 0/72; 0/29
MP: 0/26; 0/7
SP: 4/129; 2/26
14/48
H: (6/29)
MP: (3/26)
SP: (5/26)
PD ≥ 5 mm + suppuration
or other signs of infection + BL > 2 mm
Periodontal screening and recording index: 0 - 2 (H) 3 (MP) or 4 (SP) Declared:
age, smoking, regenerative procedures, healing period, prosthetic rehabilitations, implant brands, oral hygiene maintenance.
Discussed:
age, smoking, implant brands.
Swierkot et al. [33] 2012 Prospective cohort H: 18/30
GaP: 35/149
GaP: 39.6 (15/20)
H: 38.6 (9/9)
H: 0/30; 0/18
GaP: 6/149; 3/35
H: 3/30; 2/18
GaP: 39/149; 15/35
14/39 PD ≥ 5 mm + BOP + BL > 0,2 mm/years According to AAP criteria Declared:
smoking, sex, age, implant features, prosthetic rehabilitations, bone quality, regenerative procedures.
Discussed:
smoking, sex, age, implant features, prosthetic rehabilitation, bone quality, regenerative procedures.

M = male; F = female; H = healthy; CP = chronic periodontitis; MP = moderate periodontitis; SP = severe periodontitis; GaP = generalised aggressive periodontitis; PD = probing depth; BOP = bleeding on probing; BL = bone loss; NR = not reported