Study Year of
publication 		Patients
(n) 		Material and methods Outcome measures
Surgical technique Transverse
deficit (mm) 		Material Follow-up
(months) 		Skeletal expansion
(mm) 		Dental expansion
(mm) 		Skeletal relapse
(mm) 		Dental relapse
(mm) 		Total dental
expansion
(mm) 		Complications Patient-related
outcome
measures
Marchetti et al. [4] 2009 20 Segmental LFI: 10 < 6 Dental cast 24 NR After expansion:
Canine: 2.75
(range 0 to 4.5);
Molar: 3.75
(range 2.5 to 7.5) 		NR 24 months:
Canine: -0.25
(range -2.5 to 3.5);
Molar: -0.75
(range -5 to 0) 		24 months:
Canine: 1.75
(range 0 to 5);
Molar: 3.25
(range -1 to 5) 		NR NR
SARME: 10 > 6 After expansion:
Canine: 8.5
(range 4.5 to 10.5);
Molar: 7
(range 5 to 9.5) 		24 months:
C: -2.5;
M: -3 		24 months:
Canine: 5.25
(range 2.5 to 9);
Molar: 5.25
(range 2.5 to 9.5)
Seeberger et al. [24] 2015 32 Segmental LFI
with BDP: 12 		NR CBCT 9 9 months:
3.92 		NR NR NR 9 months:
Canine:
2.13 (SD 2.4);
Molar:
4 (SD 3.7) 		None NR
SARME: 20 9 months:
2.94 		9 months:
Canine:
6.37 (SD 3.92);
Molar:
5.09 (SD 5.38)
Yao et al. [25] 2015 13 Segmental LFI: 9 < 3 - 6 < CBCT 6 1 months:
AE: 1.94 (SD 0.93);
PE: 3.43 (SD 1.24) 		1 months:
Canine:
1.01 (SD 0.68);
Molar:
2.17 (SD 0.9) 		6 months:
AE: -0.55 (SD 0.55);
PE: -0.86 (SD 0.42); 		6 months:
Canine:
-0.39 (SD 0.24);
Molar:
-0.77 (SD 0.38) 		NR No surgical
or orthodontic
complications 		NR
SARME: 4 > 6 1 months:
AE: 2.25 (SD 1.79);
PE: 0.5 (SD 0.24) 		1 months:
Canine:
5.33 (SD 2.42);
Molar:
10 (SD 1.4) 		6 months:
AE: -0.74 (SD 0.63);
PE: 0.8 (SD 0.54); 		6 months:
Canine:
-0.56 (SD 0.38);
Molar:
-1.86
Moralis et al. [26] 2016 32 Segmental LFI: 18 NR Dental cast 10.6 NR NR NR NR AE: 1.4;
PE: 2.1 		NR NR
SARME: 14 36.4 AE: 8.4;
PE: 5.5

CBCT = cone-beam computed tomography; NR = not reported; AE = anterior expansion; PE = posterior expansion; BDP = biodegradable plate; LFI = Le Fort I osteotomy; SARME = surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion; n = number.