Associated variables Decayed teeth Missing teeth Filled teeth
Coef. (95% CI) P-value Coef. (95% CI) P-value Coef. (95% CI) P-value
Constant 4.21 (2.48; 5.93) < 0.001b 8.19 (6.59; 9.79) < 0.001a -1.2 (-2.04; -0.35) 0.006b
Teeth affected (Primary)
Permanent -2.99 (-7.25; 1.27) 0.168 - - -0.27 (-2.78; 2.23) 0.832
Age (6), years Age (12), years Age (6), years
12 3.33 (-0.9; 7.56) 0.123 - - 0.12 (-2.37; 2.62) 0.921
15 3.67 (-0.59; 7.94) 0.091 0.12 (-0.51; 0.76) 0.703 0.36 (-2.14; 2.88) 0.774
35 - 44 2.45 (-1.82; 6.73) 0.261 4.97 (4.23; 5.07) < 0.001a 3.34 (0.82; 5.86) 0.009b
Governorate (North)
South 1.14 (0.05; 2.22) 0.04a - - 0.22 (-0.39; 0.84) 0.477
Beirut 2.26 (0.66; 3.88) 0.006b - - 0.85 (-0.13; 1.83) 0.091
Mount Lebanon 0.51 (-0.33; 1.35) 0.23 - - 0.13 (-0.42; 0.67) 0.648
Bekaa 1.43 (0.41; 2.45) 0.006b - - -0.23 (-0.83; 0.37) 0.456
Primary caretaker (Institution caretaker)
Family member - - -0.72 (-1.64; 0.19) 0.121 - -
Education of caretaker (Secondary or less)
College/ University -1.12 (-1.94; -0.3) 0.008b - - -0.26 (-0.21; 0.74) 0.283
Use of medications (No)
Yes - - - - -0.15 (-0.61; 0.29) 0.5
Degree of disability (Mild)
Moderate 0.87 (0.22; 1.53) 0.009b -0.29 (-0.9; 0.32) 0.347 - -
Severe 0.62 (-1.47; 2.7) 0.561 1.5 (-0.3; 3.3) 0.103 - -
Frequency of brushing (No use)
Rarely -0.61 (-2.12; 0.91) 0.43 -7.5 (-8.9; -6.05) < 0.001a 1.2 (0.32; 2.08) 0.008b
1/day with help -1.94 (-3.53; -0.03) 0.017a -6.5 (-8.17; -4.88) < 0.001a 1.14 (0.21; 2.08) 0.017a
1/day without help -1.68 (-3.02; -0.03) 0.013a -7.79 (-9.05; -6.53) < 0.001a 1.55 (0.77; 2.32) < 0.001b
≥ 2/day with help -2.1 (-3.65; -0.54) 0.008b -7.5 (-9.11; -5.89) < 0.001a 1.35 (0.45; 2.25) 0.003b
≥ 2/day without help -1.87 (-3.21; -0.54) 0.006b -7.67 (-8.93; -6.41) < 0.001a 1.61 (0.86; 2.37) < 0.001b
Type of meals consumed (Home-cooked)
Fast food and pastries 1.13 (-0.95; 3.21) 0.287 - - - -
Combination of both -0.39 (-1.13; 0.36) 0.308 - - - -
Sweets between meals (No consumption)
Rarely 1.86 (-0.57; 1.36) 0.134 -2.18 (-4.44; 0.07) 0.058 - -
1/day 0.4 (0.1; 2.04) 0.416 -0.38 (-1.28; 0.52) 0.409 - -
2/day 1.07 (2.14; 4.13) 0.03a 0.39 (-0.48; 1.26) 0.381 - -
> 2/day 3.13 (2.48; 5.93) < 0.001b 0.42 (-0.42; 1.26) 0.323 - -
F (22, 629) 7.1 39.06 15.14
Prob > F < 0.001b < 0.001a < 0.001b
R-squared 0.1989 0.5249 0.2632
Adjusted R2 0.1709 0.5114 0.2458
RMSE 3.687 3.0669 2.1762

aStatistically significant at P ≤ 0.05 (Multivariate analysis).
bStatistically significant at P < 0.01 (Multivariate analysis).
Coef. = regression coefficient; CI = confidence interval; F = the model’s degrees of freedom and residual degrees of freedom; RMSE = root-mean-square-error.
Base refers to the base outcome all other categories are compared to.