Publication
year 		First Author Country Study design Gender Cancer type Measure time Treatment Follow up
time 		Questionnaire Pain time period N with pain N total Prevalence (%) Meana SDa Pain site Pain severity
1982 Pittam UK ns M+F Larynx Before na na ns ns 18 44 41 - - Ear ns
1982 Robertson New Zealand Retrospective M+F Oral ns ns ns UWQOL past week 68 117 58 - - ns ns
Oropharynx 14 85 16
Hypopharynx 6 54 11
Supraglottis 1 52 2
Head and Neck 89 308 29
1984 Morton UK Pilot M Head and Neck After RT/RT+Sx within 3 years 10 point scales current 7 48 15.4 - - ns Moderate to severe
1992 Jones UK Retrospective M+F Head and Neck After Sx ns EORTC core quest. + H&N module ns - 15 - 0.3 (scale 0 - 3) - Operation site -
1993 Langius Sweden Univariate and correlational decriptive M+F Oral and Pharynx Before na na OPSQ ns 7 13 54 - - ns ns
After RT 3 weeks 8 16 50
Before and after RT na 15 29 51.7
1997 Hammerlid Sweden ns M+F Oral and Pharynx After SX/RT/CT 1 year EORTC H&N-37 past week 25 78 32 - - Mouth Quite a bit or very much
1997 Gliklich USA Cross sectional M+F Head and Neck Before and after Sx na SF36 past 4 weeks - 37 - 33.20 32.60 Body ns
1997 Harrisons USA ns M+F Tongue After SX/RT/CT ns MSAS past week 12 29 43 - - ns ns
1997 Funk USA ns ns Head and Neck Before na na SF36 past 4 weeks - 180 - 40.62 26.05 Body ns
After 6 months 109 31.72 25.56
1997 Deleyiannis USA Prospective M+F Oropharynx Before na na UWQOL past week 9 13 69.23 - - ns ns
1999 Deschler USA ns M+F Head and Neck Before na na SF36 past 4 weeks 15 25 60 - - Body ns
1999 Graeff Netherlands Prospective M+F Oral and Oropharynx Before na na EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 75 - 21.60 - ns ns
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 27.90
After Sx/Sx+RT 1 year EORTC QLQ-C30 14.00
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 21.20
1999 Chaplin New Zealand Prospective M+F Glottis Before na na VAS past 4 weeks 30 10.00 ns ns
Oral and Oropharynx 27 14.00
Supraglottis and Hypopharynx 20 20.00
2000 Allison France Prospective M+F Head and Neck Before na na EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 88 - 25.20 29.10 ns ns
After Sx/RT/Sx+RT 3 months 22.00 23.70
2001 Mueller Germany Cross sectional M+F Larynx After Sx/RT/Sx+RT ns QLQ-C30 + H&N35 past week - 124 -9 - - - -
2001 Major USA Retrospective chart review M+F Larynx and Hypopharynx After Sx+RT ns Health status Q-12 past 4 weeks - 6 - 32.001 Body ns
RT+CT 15 32.001
2001 Hammerlid Norway
and
Sweden 		Prospective M Larynx Before na na EORTC QLQ-C30 past week 86 18.00 ns ns
Tongue 54 26.00
Oral 23 28.00
Floor of mouth 27 26.00
Gingival 31 28.00
Tonsil 37 28.00
Hypopharynx 28 27.00
2001 Allison France
and
Canada 		Cross sectional M+F Head and Neck After Sx/RT/Sx+RT 3 - 6 months EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 911,6 - 20.001,6 - ns ns
791,7 33.001,7
1011,8 22.001,8
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 911,6 20.001,6 Head and Neck
791,7 40.001,7
1011,8 18.001,8
2001 Magne France ns M+F Head and Neck After RT+CT End of treatment French H&N cancer QOL ns 25 29 86 - - Head and neck ns
2 - 7 years 3 29 9 Head and neck ns
2001 Smit Netherlands Retrospective M+F Head and Neck After SX/RT/CT within 2 months ns ns 40 87 46 - - Localized ns
22 87 25.3 Referred
2001 Weinstein USA Prospective M+F Larynx After Sx/Sx+RT ns SF36 past 4 weeks - 31 - 13.10 19.50 Body ns
HNQOL 14.90 18.20 ns
2002 Pourel France Cross sectional M Oropharynx After RT/RT+Sx at least 2 years EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 97 - 25.00 27.00 ns ns
F 16 35.00 28.00
2002 Schliephake Germany Prospective M+F Oral Before na na EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 45 - 31.10 - ns ns
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 32.40
After Sx 1 year EORTC QLQ-C30 24.40
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 16.70
2002 Allison Canada Cross sectional M+F Head and Neck After Sx/RT/Sx+RT ns EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 784 - 13.304 21.024 ns ns
1135 26.105 30.305
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 784 18.704 23.674 Head and Neck
1135 23.705 26.475 Head and Neck
2002 Gellrich Germany,
Switzerland
and
Austria 		Follow up M+F Oral After Sx at least 6 months BUQ ns 950 1761 54 - - ns ns
6 - 12 months 40 138 29 Shoulder
6 - 12 months 5 138 3.7 Neck
6 - 12 months 6 138 4.3 TMJ
6 - 12 months 9 138 6.5 Oral
6 - 12 months 2 138 1.4 Face
2002 Claus Belgium ns ns Oral and Oropharynx After RT ns Common Toxicity Criteria ns 14 14 100 - - ns Mild to severe
2002 Ahmed Pakistan Prospective M+F Hypopharynx Before na na ns ns 7 30 23 - - Throat ns
2002 Rogers UK Cross sectional M+F Oral and Oropharynx After Sx/Sx+RT ns UWQOL past week 81 140 57.9 - - ns Mild to severe
2003 Schuster Germany Cross sectional M Larynx After Sx at least 9 months SF36 past 4 weeks - 25 - 34.40 24.80 Body ns
2003 Ribeiro Brazil ns M+F Oral and Oropharynx Before na na ns ns 320 530 60.4 - - ns ns
2003 Tschudi Switzerland Retrospective chart review M+F Oropharynx After Sx+RT ns EORTC QLQ-H&N35 past week 49 18.7 (Median 8.3) 22.1 ns ns
Sx 31 16.90 (Median 0) 24.30
RT 19 32.5 (Median 25) 30.9
Sx+RT EORTC QLQ-C30 49 25.9 (Median 16.7) 33.2
Sx 31 28 (Median 16.7) 31.9
RT 19 32.50 (Median 16.7) 34.5
2003 Allal Switzerland Retrospective cross sectional M+F Oropharynx After RT+CT at least 1 year EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 40 - 15.00 26.00 ns ns
Sx+RT 20 22.00 30.00
2004 Gorsky Canada Case series M+F Tongue Before na na ns ns 66 322 20 - - Ear ns
2004 Derks Netherlands Prospective M+F Head and Neck Before na na EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 1052 - 31.002 - ns ns
783 28.003
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 1052 39.002
783 38.003
2004 Connelly USA ns M+F Oral Before na na UCSF past week 14 15 93.3 Function-related ns
2004 Van Wilgen Netherlands Cross sectional ns Head and Neck After Sx at least 1 year RAND-36 past 4 weeks - 154 - 19.20 23.00 Body ns
2004 van Wilgen Netherlands ns M+F Head and Neck After Sx+RT at least 1 year VAS past week 51 153 53 - - Neck ns
57 37 - - Shoulder
61 40 - - Joint
2004 Banal India ns M+F Head and Neck Before na na EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 45 - 10.17 9.11 ns ns
After RT 1 month 44 24.82 16.03
2004 Rogers UK Cohort M+F Oral Before na na UWQOL past week 107 155 69 29 24.9 ns ns
2004 Lotempio USA ns M+F Larynx After RT+ CT Median 6 months UWQOL past week 9 15 60 - - ns Mild to severe
Sx+RT Median 40 months 12 34 35.3
Sx+RT/CT+RT Median 27 months 21 49 42.9
2005 Derks Netherlands ns M+F Head and Neck Before na na EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 982 - 31.002 - ns ns
543 32.003
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 982 38.002
543 40.003
2005 Ethunandan UK Retrospective case note analysis M+F Head and Neck After SX/RT/CT week preceding death ns past week 27 32 84 - - ns ns
2005 Eadie Canada ns M Larynx After Sx+RT at least 1 year HNQOL past 4 weeks - 30 - 11.46 13.04 (min 0; max 43.75) ns ns
2005 Chandu Australia Cross sectional pilot trail M+F Oral After Sx+RT ns UWQOL past week - 22 - 12.50 20.00 ns ns
EORTC QLQ-C30 11.40 24.30
2007 Kollkythas USA ns M+F Oral Before na na UCSF past week - 16 - 20.001 3.201 Spontaneous ns
49.601 5.601 Function-related
After Sx ns 4.001 1.601 Spontaneous
8.801 4.001 Function-related
2007 Borggreven Netherlands Prospective M+F Oral and Oropharynx Before na na EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 44 - 29.20 - ns ns
After Sx 1 year EORTC QLQ-C30 12.10
Before na na EORTC QLQ-H&N35 33.00
After Sx 1 year EORTC QLQ-H&N35 19.50
2007 Dilber Turkey Prospective M+F Larynx After Sx+RT 6 months VRS current 14 17 82.4 - - Shoulder at rest Mild
VRS 3 17 17.7 - - Shoulder at rest Moderate
VAS + VRS 17 17 100 30.00 1.60 Shoulder at rest Mild to moderate
VRS 13 17 76.5 - - Shoulder function Mild
VRS 4 17 23.5 - - Shoulder function Moderate
VAS + VRS 17 17 100 40.00 1.80 Shoulder function Mild to moderate
2007 Borggreven Netherlands ns M+F Oral and Oropharynx Before na na EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 32 - 22.415 25.3 ns ns
48 37.814 31.8
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 32 27.115 17.6
48 41.514 25.5
2008 Logan USA Case-control M+F Head and Neck After ns 5 years UCSF past week 43 100 43 - - ns ns
2008 Zwahlen Switzerland ns M Oral After SX/RT/CT at least 6 months EORTC QLQ-H&N35 past week - 31 - 13.60 (Median 8.30) IQR 25.00 ns ns
2008 Boscolo-Rizzo Italy Retrospective cross sectional M+F Larynx After Sx+RT at least 1 year EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 39 - 12.40 19.05 ns ns
RT+ CT EORTC QLQ-C30 28 1.80 5.13
Sx+RT EORTC QLQ-H&N35 39 6.40 12.10
RT+CT EORTC QLQ-H&N35 28 3.30 4.23
2008 Dirix USA ns M+F Head and Neck After SX/RT/CT at least 6 months XQ ns 25 75 33 - - Oral ns
2008 Karvonen-Gutierrez USA ns M+F Head and Neck Before/after/during SX/RT/CT na HNQOL past 4 weeks - 491 - 38.0 26.1 (min 0, max 100) ns ns
2009 Lundstrom Sweden ns M+F Larynx After Sx+RT ns EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 43 - 13.60 24.20 ns ns
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 9.50 17.60
2009 Breivik Europe
and
Israel 		Cross sectional ns Head and Neck ns ns ns ns ns 183 213 86 - - ns ns
2009 Camp USA Retrospective chart review M+F Tongue After Sx 2 years UWQOL past week 4 46 9 - - ns Moderate to severe
2009 Jagannathan India Cross sectional M+F Head and Neck After ns ns ns ns 67 80 83.8 ns ns
2009 Yoshimura Japan Prospective M+F Oral Before na na EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 20 - 17.00 - ns ns
After RT 1 year 11.00
Before na na EORTC QLQ-H&N35 14.00
After RT 1 year 5.00
2009 Singer Germany ns M+F Larynx After Sx/Sx+RT ns EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 323 - 23.60 28.60 ns ns
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 12.60 18.60 Mouth
2009 Infante-Cossio Spain ns M+F Oral Before na na EORTC QLQ-C30 past week 72 Median 33.3 IQR 8.9 ns ns
Oropharynx 56 Median 50 IQR 33.3
2009 Boscolo-Rizzo Italy Cross sectional M+F Oropharynx After Sx+RT at least 2 years EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 26 - 21.80 23.60 ns ns
RT+ CT 31 8.60 13.64
Sx+RT EORTC QLQ-H&N35 26 9.00 14.28
RT+ CT 31 10.70 16.15
2010 Sato Japan ns M+F Oral Before na na ns ns 42 113 37 - - Spontaneous ns
77 113 68 Function-related
2010 Yang China ns M+F Tongue Before na na UWQOL past week 231 - 23.38 - ns ns
After SX/RT/CT 3 months 19.92
6 months 11.47
1 year 10.18
2010 Murphy USA Survey M+F Head and Neck ns ns ns VHNSS past week - 235 - 19.80 (Median 0) 27.20 ns ns
2010 Maciejewski Germany Cross sectional M Oral After Sx ns EORTC QLQ-C30 past week 3116 (Median 33) IQR 33.7 ns ns
2317 (Median 33) IQR 67.0
2710 (Median 50) IQR 83
2711 (Median 33) IQR 50
2010 Lee UK Cross sectional M Larynx After Sx+RT at least 1 year EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 22 - 12.10 18.70 ns ns
F 21 17.50 26.60
M EORTC QLQ-H&N35 22 9.10 11.80
F 21 8.70 13.30
2010 Chung South Korea Historical cohort ns Tonsil After Sx+RT/CT+ RT at least 2 years EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 35 - 8.50 18.60 ns ns
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 9.50 18.90
2010 Silveira Portugal ns M+F Head and Neck Outpatients ns ns EORTC QLQ-C30 past week 102 33 28 ns ns
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 25 22
2010 Rogers UK Cross sectional M+F Head and Neck After ns at least 6 months BCSQ-H&N past 4 weeks 88 339 26 - - ns ns
2010 Nalbadian Greece Cross sectional M+F Pharynx After SX/RT/CT ns EORTC QLQ-C30 past week 109 6.27 14.49 ns ns
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 8.18 14.61
2010 Huang Taiwan Cross sectional M+F Head and Neck After Sx+RT/CT+ RT/Sx+RT+ CT at least 2 years EORTC QLQ-C30 past week 307 23.10 22.90 ns ns
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 21.30 22.50
2010 Williams UK ns M+F Pharynx Before/after/during SX/RT/CT na Brief pain Inventory past 24 hours 5 11 45 ns Mild to severe
Tongue 3 8 37.5
Pharynx and Tongue 8 19 42.1
2011 Horney UK Cross sectional M+F Head and Neck Before na na SF-12v2 ns - 103 - 33.01 31.93 Body ns
2011 Hamid Egypt Prospective M+F Larynx Before na na EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 20 - 29.10 15.00 ns ns
During Sx+RT 75.00 21.00
After 3 months 34.00 14.80
6 months 20.10 13.70
Before Sx na 12.50 17.80
During 73.30 22.50
After 3 months 16.80 9.30
6 months 6.80 15.00
Before RT na 8.40 11.80
During 62.50 20.00
After 3 months 28.00 14.20
After 6 months 16.70 11.90
During Sx+RT na EORTC QLQ-H&N35 67.001 -
Sx 78.01
RT 78.01
2011 Bond USA Cross sectional (5 studies) M+F Head and Neck During and after ns na VHNSS past week - 211 - 26.2 (Median 22.5) IQR 42.5 ns ns
2011 Chan USA Prospective M+F Oral, Larynx and Oropharynx Before na na UWQOL past week 77 27.7 27.20 ns ns
2011 Bascones-Martinez Spain Retrospective M+F Oral Before na na ns ns 14 30 47 - - Function-related Symptom prompting hospital admission
2011 Danker Germany Cross sectional M+F Larynx and Hypopharynx After Sx/Sx+RT ns EORTC QLQ-C30 past week 16712 23.40 ns ns
1313 25.80
2011 Guibert France Retrospective M+F Larynx After Sx+RT at least 1 year EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 46 - Median 01 Min 0, Max 651 ns ns
conservative 17 Median 151 Min 0, Max 1001
Sx+RT EORTC QLQ-H&N35 46 Median 01 Min 0, Max 341
conservative 17 Median 8.001 Min 0, Max 751
Hypopharynx Sx+RT EORTC QLQ-C30 24 Median 24.001 Min 0, Max 651
conservative 13 Median 01 Min 0, Max 321
Sx+RT EORTC QLQ-H&N35 24 Median 16.001 Min 0, Max 751
conservative 13 Median 01 Min 0, Max 50
2011 Korfage Netherlands Prospective M+F Oral After Sx+RT 1 year EORTC QLQ-C30 past week - 9 - 13.00 16.20 ns ns
Sx 11 10.60 25.00
Sx+RT 5 years 9 13.00 23.20
Sx 11 9.10 15.60
Sx+RT 1 year EORTC QLQ-H&N35 9 15.70 22.60
Sx 11 6.10 9.90
Sx+RT 5 years 9 19.40 11.80
Sx 11 9.10 17.30
Sx/Sx+RT 5 years EORTC QLQ-C30 614 16.70 18.30
1415 8.30 19.30
2011 Lam USA Cross sectional M+F Oral Before ns na UCSF past week 37 44 84 - - ns Moderate to severe
2011 Sato Japan ns M+F Oral Before na na ns ns 40 109 37 - - Spontaneous ns
72 109 66 Function-related

aUnless otherwise specified.
1Data obtained from graphs.
2Age 45 - 60 years.
3 > 70 years.
4Consuming alcohol.
5Consuming no alcohol.
6English speaking Canadians.
7French speaking Canadians.
8French speaking French.
9Scale used is not clearly stated.
10Age < 60 years.
11Age ≥ 60 years.
12Not alcohol dependent.
13Alcohol dependent.
14With comorbidity.
15Without comorbidity.
16Males.
17Females.
BUQ = Bochum University Questionnaire; OPSQ = Oral and Pharyngeal Symptom Questionnaire; XQ = Xerostomia Questionnaire; MSAS = Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale; na = Not applicable; ns = not specified; Sx = surgery; RT = radiotherapy; CT = chemotherapy.