Table 1. | The clinical decision tree for extraction socket preservation/augmentation |
| Indications and reasons for extraction socket preservation/augmentation | Aesthetic zone | Non aesthetic zone |
|---|---|---|
| Aesthetic | ||
| Impossible to reach sufficient aesthetic result | Facial soft tissue deficiency of extraction socket | |
| Absence of buccal wall of extraction socket > 50% | Absence of buccal wall of extraction socket | |
| Horizontal bone loss ˃ 2 mm | Horizontal bone loss ˃ 3 mm | |
| Functional | ||
| Impossible to gain implant primary stability | Available bone beyond the apex of extraction socket ˂ 3 mm and absence of implant to bony walls contact | Available bone beyond the apex of extraction socket ˂ 3 mm and absence of septal bone |
| Risk related | ||
| Risk of significant alveolar bone resorption |
Multiple extractions when buccal extraction socket wall thickness < 2 mm and thin (< 1 mm) biotype |
|
| Postponed or not recommended implantation for some reasons | ||
| Risk of apical peri-implantitis development | Presence of extraction socket bone lesions ˃ 5 mm | |
| Risk of maxillary sinus perforation and reducing the need for elevation of the sinus floor | Presence of roots penetrating into maxillary sinus | |
| Risk of nasal floor perforation and reducing the need for elevation of the nasal floor | Presence maxillary alveolar process atrophy in nasal floor projection | |