Study | Year of publication | Study design |
Follow-up (years) |
Number of implants/number of patients | Prevalence of peri-implantitis | Significance | Peri-implantitis definition | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Turned implants | Rough surface implants | Turned implants | Rough surface implants | ||||||
Astrand et al. [41] | 2004 |
Continuity of the study Astrand et al. [41].
Prospective randomized study, split-mouth design |
3 |
73 (Brånemark System®; Nobel Biocare AB, Goteborg, Sweden)/ 28 patients |
77 (TPS®; Straumann AG, Waldenburg, Switzerland)/ 28 patients |
0 implants | 7 implants (9.1%) | The difference statistically significant | Infection including purulent discharge and bone loss |
Moberg et al. [42] | 2001 | Prospective randomized study | 3 |
102 (Brånemark System®;Nobel Biocare AB, Goteborg, Sweden)/ 20 patients |
106 (TPS®; Straumann AG, Waldenburg, Switzerland)/ 20 patients |
1 implants | 3 implants | Not indicated | Peri-implant infection with bone reduction |
Ravald et al. [43] | 2012 | Prospective randomized controlled study | 12 - 15 | 177 (Brånemark System®; Nobel Biocare AB, Goteborg, Sweden) | 176 (TPS®; Straumann AG, Waldenburg, Switzerland) | 9 implants (5%) | 10 implants (6%) | NR | Bone loss ≥ 2 mm and bleeding or pus on probing |
Renvert et al. [44] | 2012 | Prospective clinical trial | 13 | 102/22 patients machine-etched (Brånemark System®; Nobel Biocare AB, Goteborg, Sweden) |
132 implants/19 patients (TiOblast™ implants; Astra Tech AB, Mölndal, Sweden) |
12 implants (11.5%) | 9 implants (7.1%) | No difference in the incidence of peri-implantitis over a period of 13 years as an effect implant surface and design was found. | Peri-implantitis incidence was defined as bone loss ≥ 1 mm after 1 year, and with BOP or suppuration |
Polizzi et al. [45] | 2013 | Retrospective study (both types of implants in the same patient) | 10 |
257 (Brånemark System®; Nobel Biocare AB, Goteborg, Sweden)/ 96 patients |
243 moderately rough oxidized surfaced (TiUnite®; Nobel Biocare AB, Goteborg, Sweden)/ 96 patients |
1 implant | 9 implants | Peri-implantitis diagnosed in 4 patients (4.2%) and 10 implants (2%), 9 being TiUnite® implants and 1 turned (significance not indicated) | Mucosal lesion associated with suppuration and deepened pockets but always accompanied by loss of supporting marginal bone (Lindhe and Meyle [20]) |
Vandeweghe et al. [46] | 2016 | Retrospective study | At least 10 years in function (mean 172 [SD 42] months; range 120 to 252) |
76 (Southern Implant System®; Southern Implants, Irene, South Africa)/ NR |
121 moderately rough surface, obtained by sandblasting and chemical cleaning (Southern Implant System®; Southern Implants, Irene, South Africa)/ NR |
NR | NR | Prevalence of peri-implantitis 4.1% in turned and moderately rough implants, with no significant difference between (P = 0.7) |
PD > 6 mm in combination with BOP/ suppuration and attachment loss/bone loss of 2.5 mm |
de Araújo Nobre and Malo [47] | 2014 | Case-control study | At least 1 year in function |
296 (Brånemark System®; Nobel Biocare AB, Goteborg, Sweden)/ NR |
1054 moderately rough oxidized surfaced (TiUnite®; Nobel Biocare AB, Goteborg, Sweden)/ NR |
74 (5.5)% | 196 (14.5)% |
Machined implant surface identified as a risk factor for peri-implant pathology (P = 0.015; OR = 1.46) |
Peri-implant pathology was diagnosed through: peri-implant pockets ≥ 5 mm diagnosed through probing of the peri-implant sulcus/pocket using a probe calibrated to 0.25 N, bleeding on probing; bone loss visible to X-ray; and attachment loss equal to or greater than 2 mm |
TPS = titanium plasma sprayed; BOP = bleeding on probing; PD = probing depth; NR = not reported. |