Author Year of
publication
Number of
patients
MSFA Materials and methods Outcome measures
Type of
grafting
material
Residual bone height
(mm)
Type of
CT
Assessment method Length of observation period
(months)
Volumetric changes
(cm3 or mm3)
Volumetric reduction
(%)
Cosso et al. [34] 2014 10 10 8 : 2 GenOx®
and autogenous
bone
< 1 to 5 < CT Area
sum technique using Voxar 3D™
180 days 15 days (cm3) 180 days (cm3) 180 days
2.30 (SD 0.9) 1.7 (SD 0.6) 25.87
10 Autogenous
bone
2.91 (SD 1) 1.7 (SD 0.9) 42.3a
Gorla et al. [35] 2015 22 11 ChronOS® < 5 CBCT Multiplying area sum by distance
between CT slices using OsiriX™
6 5 to 7 days (mm3) 6 to 8 months (mm3) 6 months
980.8 (SD 501.6) 563.2 (SD 335.9) 38.33 (SD 16.64)
9 1 : 1 ChronOS®
and autogenous
bone
1295.2 (SD 937.3) 848.7 (SD 801.1) 43.82 (SD 18.42)
12 Autogenous
bone
1068.7 (SD 477.8) 528.3 (SD 221.3) 45.75 (SD 18.65)
Xavier et al. [36] 2015 15 15 Fresh-frozen allograft ≤ 3 CBCT Volume estimated using Mimics™ software 12 1 week (cm3) 6 months (cm3) 12 months (cm3) 6 months 12 months
2.46 (SD 0.79) 1.75 (SD 0.64) 1.59 (SD 0.56) 29.9 35.36
15 Autogenous
bone
2.01 (SD 0.43) 1.53 (SD 0.49) 1.38 (SD 0.43) 23.9 31.35
Pereira et al. [37] 2018 11 13 Biogran® 3 (SD 0.6) CBCT Multiplying area sum by distance
between CT slices using OsiriX™
6 15 days (mm3) 6 months (mm3) 6 months
909.7 (SD 472) 469.2 (SD 228.1) 44 (SD 16)
8 10 1 : 1 Biogran®
and autogenous
bone
1.8 (SD 0.9) 1591.2 (SD 874) 1006.1 (SD 589.7) 37.9 (SD 18.9)
10 12 Autogenous
bone
1.2 (SD 0.4) 1071.2 (SD 477.8) 528.3 (SD 221.2) 45.7 (SD 18.5)

aStudent's t-test (P < 0.05).
CBCT = cone beam computed tomography; CT = computed tomography; MSFA = maxillary sinus floor augmentation; SD = standard deviation.