Study Year of
publication 		Study Follow-up
(months) 		Method Patients
(n) 		Implants
(n) 		Implant system Implant length/diameter (mm) Insertion torque value (Ncm)
Feng et al. [35] 2023 Prospective study 3 CBCT 22 65 Straumann® Bone Level Implant System
(Straumann AG; Basel, Switzerland) 		NR 31.44
(SD 6.54)
de Elío Oliveros [36] 2020 Observational clinical study Direct CBCT 48 160 BEGO Implant (GmbH & Co. KG; Bremen, Germany) NR ≤ 30 to > 50
Daher et al. [37] 2021 Randomized controlled trial 3 to 3.5, 12 OPG, CBCT 18 120 NobelActive® (Nobel Biocare AB; Gothenburg, Sweden) Length:
10, 11.5, 13, 15.
Diameter: 3.5, 4.3 		< 10 to > 70
Ivanova et al. [38] 2021 Clinical study 4 CBCT 90 90 AB Dental Implants (AB Dental Devices Ltd; Ashdod, Israel) Length:
≤ 6.0, (> 6 to < 10) or ≥ 10.
Diameter:
≤ 3.0 to < 3.75,
≥ 3.75 to < 5 or ≥ 5 		NR
Vallecillo et al. [39] 2021 Prospective cross-sectional study 2, 3 RFA 31 60 Zimmer TSV (Zimmer Biomet Dental; Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, USA) Length: 10.
Diameter: 3.7 or 4.1 		40
Cassetta et al. [40] 2022 Prospective cross-sectional study 2, 6, 12 Osstell™ device
(Osstell AB; Gothenburg, Sweden) 		142 268 DIO Implant (DIO Corporation; Busan, South Korea) Length: 10, 12 or 14.
Diameter:
3.8, 4.1, 4.5, 5.0 or 5.3 		> 50

N = number; NR = not reported; CBCT = cone-beam computed tomography; OPG = orthopantomogram; RFA = resonance frequency analysis.