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What is the Risk of Having Offspring with Cleft Lip/Palate in Pre-Maternal Obese/Overweight Women When Compared to Pre-Maternal Normal Weight Women? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis J Oral Maxillofac Res 2015;6(1):e1 doi:10.5037/jomr.2015.6101 |
What is the Risk of Having Offspring with Cleft Lip/Palate in Pre-Maternal Obese/Overweight Women When Compared to Pre-Maternal Normal Weight Women? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
1School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
Corresponding Author:
University of Aberdeen Dental School
Cornhill Road, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZR
United Kingdom
Phone: (+44) (0)1224 551585
E-mail: Tatiana.Macfarlane@abdn.ac.uk
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The purpose of the study was to identify the risk of orofacial cleft in the offspring of women with pre-maternal obesity/overweight when compared with pre-maternal normal weight women.
Material and Methods: MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched from 1980 to July 2014 for cohort, case control and cross sectional studies. BMI were categorized according to WHO recommendation: normal weight (BMI 18.5 - 24.9), overweight (BMI 25 - 29.9) and obese (BMI ≥ 30).
Results: Six studies were identified; three case control studies which were used for the meta-analysis and two cross sectional studies and one cohort study. Compared with women of recommended BMI, obese women were at increased odds of pregnancy affected by CLP (OR = 1.16; 95% CI 1, 1.34) and CP (OR = 1.14; 95% CI 0.95, 1.37). Overweight women were also at increased odds of pregnancy affected by CLP (OR = 1.06; 95% CI 0.93, 1.21) but not CP (OR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.75, 1.06). The results of the risk ratios reported in the cross sectional and cohort studies were similar to the results of the meta-analysis.
Conclusions: The results of this study reveal that there is an increased risk of having offspring with orofacial cleft in obese/overweight women. The reason for this association is not known. Although, the risk is small, it is important because of the increasing incidence of obesity.
J Oral Maxillofac Res 2015;6(1):e1
doi:10.5037/jomr.2015.6101
Accepted for publication: 29 December 2014
Keywords: cleft palate; nonsyndromic cleft lip/palate; orofacial cleft 1.
To cite this article: What is the Risk of Having Offspring with Cleft Lip/Palate in Pre-Maternal Obese/Overweight Women When Compared to Pre-Maternal Normal Weight Women? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Oral Maxillofac Res 2015;6(1):e1 URL: http://www.ejomr.org/JOMR/archives/2015/1/e1/v6n1e1ht.htm |
Received: 11 September 2014 | Accepted: 29 December 2014 | Published: 30 March 2015
Copyright: © The Author(s). Published by JOMR under CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 licence, 2015.