Vertical diameter Horizontal diameter P-value
Mean (SD) Mean (SD)
Sex Male 2.95 (1.038) 3.65 (1.264) 0.213a
Female 2.81 (0.962) 3.54 (1.226) 0.446a
Age group Young adults 2.98 (1.065) 3.72 (1.31) 0.046b
Middle-aged adults 2.77 (0.921) 3.46 (1.155) 0.049b

aNo statistically significant difference at the level P < 0.05, independent sample t-test.
bStatistically significant difference at the level P < 0.05, independent sample t-test.
SD = standard deviation.