Study Year of publication Study design Follow-up period No. of patients Patient age (years) Gender (male/female) Smoking status History of periodontitis
Tallarico et al. [27] 2017 RCT 1.5 year 24 patients. Test: 12; Control: 12 53.9 (range 37 to 67) 8/16 No smokers were included Untreated periodontitis was an exclusion criteria
Tallarico et al. [28] 2016 RCT 1 year 24 patients. Test: 12; Control: 12 Test: 56.2 (range 42 to 67); Control: 51.6 (range 37 to 67) 8/16 No smokers were evaluated Untreated periodontitis was an exclusion criteria
Cardaropili et al. [29] 2015 RCT 1 year 41 47.2 (SD 12.9) 24/17 NR Periodontitis patients excluded
Barone et al. [30] 2012 RCT 3 years 40 patients. Test: 20; Control: 20 Range 26 to 69 16/24 Smokers included. 12 participants (30%) (6 in each group) were smokers NR
Marconcini et al. [31] 2018 RCT 4 years 42 patients. Test 1: 15; Test 2: 14; Control: 13 52.8 (SD 2.31) 17/25 NR NR
Felice et al. [32] 2015 RCT 1 year 50 patients. Test: 25; Control: 25 Test: 53.08 (range 39 to 72); Control: 51.32 (range 32 to 71) 25/25 Test: non-smokers (16); up to 10 cigarettes/day (9); more than 10 cigarettes/day (0) Control: non-smokers (14); up to 10 cigarettes/day (8); more than 10 cigarettes/day (3) Untreated periodontitis was an exclusion criteria
Esposito et al. [33] 2015 RCT 1 year 106 patients. Test: 52; Control: 54 Test: 50 (range 30 to 72); Control: 48 (range 28 to 70) 46/60 Three groups: non-smokers; up to 10 cigarettes/day; more 10 cigarettes/day Untreated periodontitis was an exclusion criteria
Esposito et al. [34] 2017 RCT 1 year 210 patients. Test: 70; Control 1: 70; Control 2: 70 Test: 55.8 (SD 11.6); Control 1: 55.3 (SD 11); Control 2: 53.5 (SD 13.4) Test: 37/33 Control 1: 34/36 Control 2: 36/34 Three groups: non-smokers; up to 10 cigarettes/day; more 10 cigarettes/day Untreated periodontitis was an exclusion criteria

RCT = randomized clinical trial; NR = not reported; SD = standard deviation.
All papers included systemically healthy patients.