Study Year Material and methods Clinical outcome Radiographic outcome PROM
Surgical method NOP ARH
(mm) 		Grafting material NOI DOS
(minutes) 		Follow-up
(months) 		Implant survival
(%) 		ISQ PIMBL
(mm) 		Complications Endo-sinus
bone gain
(mm) 		Bone density changes
(HU)
Implant placement 6 months
6 months Implant placement 6 months
Hashem et al. [20] 2023 TSMEOD 7 4.7 Xenograft Tutobone® 7 NR 6 100 74.2 (SD 3.9) 87.1 (SD 3.3)a 0.2 None 5.8 (SD 0.5) 266.4 660.3 NR
OMSFE 7 4.8 7 100 68.5 (SD 2.2) 80.2 (SD 1.6) 0.4 BPPV: 1 6.9 (SD 0.5)a 248.8 530.4
EL-Ghobashy et al. [21] 2022 TSMEOD 5 5 - 8 None 6 7.3 (SD 2.2)b 6 100 66.2 (SD 9.6)c 77 (SD 3.5)d NR Edema (0 - 4) NR NR Pain (0 - 10)
1.3 (SD 0.5) 3 (SD 2.3)
OMSFE 6 6 14.5 (SD 2.5) 100 54.8 (SD 7.2) 65.2 (SD 3.1) 2.2 (SD 1) 4.2 (SD 2.3)
Rostom and Eiid [22] 2021 TSMEOD 5 8.1 (SD 1.5) None 5 NR 6 NR NR NR Headache/
vertigo: 0g;
swelling: 2 		1.8 (SD 0.4) NR NR
OMSFE 5 6.9 (SD 0.5) 5 Headache/
vertigo: 5;
swelling: 4 		1.4 (SD 0.5)
Arafat et al. [23] 2019 TSMEOD 12 7.1 (SD 0.5) None 12 NR 12 100 65.2 (SD 4.4)e 75.9 (SD 2.9)e 0.9 (SD 0.2) None 3.3 (SD 0.3)f NR NR
OMSFE 12 7.4 (SD 0.5) 12 100 52.8 (SD 6.3) 67.8 (SD 4.8) 1 (SD 0.2) 2.8 (SD 0.3)

aP < 0.001; bP = 0.002; cP = 0.043; dP < 0.0001; eP ≤ 0.001; fP = 0.001 (paired t-test). gP = 0.002 (chi-square test).
ARH = alveolar ridge hight; BPPV = benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; DOS = duration of surgery; HU = Hounsfield units; ISQ = implant stability quotient; NOI = number of implants; NOP = number of patients; NR = not reported; OMSFE = osteotome-mediated sinus floor elevation; PIMBL = peri-implant marginal bone loss; PROM = patient-reported outcome measures.