Study Year Material and methods Clinical outcome Radiographic outcome PROM
Surgical
method 		NOP ARH
(mm) 		Grafting
material 		NOI DOS
(minutes) 		Follow-up
(months) 		Implant survival
(%) 		ISQ Complications Endo-sinus
bone gain
(mm) 		Bone density changes
(HU)
Implant placement 6 months 6 months Implant placement 6 months
Elsaid et al. [24] 2024 TSMEOD 7 5.6 (SD 0.3) Alloplastic
bone substitute (Nanobone®) 		7 30.9 (SD 4.1)c 6 100 61.4 (SD 2) 80 (SD 3.1) NR 5.3 (SD 0.8) 457.3 (SD 69.9) 818.4 (SD 109.6) NR
MSFA 7 5.2 (SD 0.5) 7 83 (SD 12) 100 56.9 (SD 2.9) 75.9 (SD 2.9) 10 (SD 1.8)c 505.9 (SD 50.4) 827.1 (SD 109.7)
Gaspar et al. [25] 2024 TSMEOD 10 2.9 (SD 0.5) Alloplastic bone substitute (NovaBone®) 10 32.9 (SD 5.3)a 12 100 65.5 (SD 11.1) 74.4 (SD 4)a SMR: 1a;
days edema: 0.5a;
epistaxis: 0a 		NR NR Days using
analgesics
2 (SD 1)a
MSFA 10 2.4 (SD 0.7) 10 71.1 (SD 10.4) 100 61.5 (SD 10.9) 69.8 (SD 5.1) SMR: 4;
days edema: 7;
epistaxis: 4 		7.5 (SD 6.5)

aP < 0.001; bP = 0.046 (Mann-Whitney test). cP < 0.05 (unpaired t-test).
ARH = alveolar ridge hight; DOS = duration of surgery; HU = Hounsfield units; ISQ = implant stability quotient; NOI = number of implants; NOP = number of patients; NR = not reported; OD = osseodensification; PROM = patient-reported outcome measures; SMR = Schneiderian membrane rupture.